AZ1%

AZ 1% is prescribed for infections (produced by susceptible organisms) in the upper respiratory tract, including sinusitis and pharyngitis/tonsillitis, the lower respiratory tract, including bronchitis and pneumonia, the otitis media, and the skin and soft tissue. AZ 1% is recommended for the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in sexually transmitted illnesses in both men and women.

Macrolides

AZ 1% belongs to the macrolide subclass of antibiotics known as azalide. In order to prevent microbial protein synthesis, AZ 1% binds to the 50s ribosomal subunit of susceptible species. Moraxella catarrhalis, anaerobes such as Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Haemophilus ducreyi, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, as well as gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptoc Moreover, in vitro testing of AZ 1% shown action against Campylobacter sp., Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, and hominins.

Adult: 500 mg once daily orally for 3 days or 500 mg once on day 1, then 250 mg once on days 2-5 for 4 days. For sexually transmitted diseases caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in adults, the dose is 1 gm given as a single dose or 500 mg once on day 1, followed by 250 mg once daily for next 2 days may also be given. Children: 10 mg/kg body weight once daily for 3 days for child over 6 months 200 mg (1 teaspoonful) for 3 days if body weight is 15-25 kg 300 mg (1½ teaspoonfuls) for 3 days if body weight is 26-35 kg; 400 mg (2 teaspoonfuls) for 3 days if body weight is 36-45 kg. In typhoid fever, 500 mg (21/2 teaspoonfuls) once daily for 7-10 days is given.

Procedure for reinstatement after suspension- Step 1: Thoroughly shake the bottle to break up the powder. Step 2: Fill the bottle with boiled and cooled water to the watermark on the label. Step 3: Mix the powder and water thoroughly to combine. Take AZ 1% at least one hour before or two hours after eating.

When food and antacids are present, AZ 1% absorption is lessened. Due to the potential for ergotism brought on by an interaction between AZ 1% and the cytochrome P-450 system, AZ 1% should be avoided in patients who are receiving ergot alkaloids. With co-administration, care should be taken since macrolides raise the plasma levels of cyclosporin and digoxin. Warfarin, Theophylline, Carbamazepine, Methylprednisolone, or Cimetidine have not been found to interact with AZ 1%.

Those who are hypersensitive to AZ 1% or any other macrolide antibiotic should not take AZ 1%. Ergot derivatives and AZ 1% should not be administered together. Those with liver disorders should not use AZ 1%.

Low-frequency side effects are experienced after taking AZ 1%. A therapeutic withdrawal will reverse the adverse effects, which include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or cramps, flatulence, diarrhea, headaches, and skin rashes.

The AZ 1% pregnancy category is B. Studies on animal reproduction have shown that AZ 1% has no evidence of harming the fetus. Pregnant women have not been the subject of any good, controlled studies. AZ 1% should only be used during pregnancy if no other suitable options are available, as research on animal reproduction are not always indicative of human response. The presence of AZ 1% in breast milk is unknown. Hence, when giving AZ 1% to nursing mothers, care should be taken.

It is advised to keep an eye out for any indications of superinfection with non-susceptible organisms, such as fungus when using any antibiotic. Those with renal impairment don't require a dose adjustment.

There is no information on AZ 1% overdosage. Macrolide antibiotic overdose symptoms can include hearing loss, extreme nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The use of gastric lavage and other supportive treatments is advised.

Keep dry and away from heat and light. Keep out of children's reach.