Cortan100 ml

Cortan 100 ml is a synthetic corticosteroid prescribed to reduce inflammation and suppress overactive immune responses across a wide range of conditions. It is indicated for the following disorders:

Rheumatic Disorders

Cortan 100 ml is used in the management of psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. It also helps control acute and subacute bursitis, acute nonspecific tenosynovitis, acute gouty arthritis, and post-traumatic osteoarthritis.

Endocrine Disorders

It is indicated for primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, nonsuppurative thyroiditis, and hypercalcemia associated with cancer.

Dermatologic Diseases

Cortan 100 ml treats pemphigus, bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, severe erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis, mycosis fungoides, and severe psoriasis.

Allergic States

It is used to control severe or incapacitating allergic conditions such as seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, serum sickness, and drug hypersensitivity reactions.

Respiratory Diseases

Cortan 100 ml is indicated for symptomatic sarcoidosis, berylliosis, and fulminating or aspiration pneumonitis.

Hematologic Disorders

It is used in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, secondary thrombocytopenia, acquired (autoimmune) hemolytic anemia, and erythroblastopenia (RBC anemia).

Edematous States

Cortan 100 ml helps induce diuresis or remission of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome without uremia, whether of the idiopathic type or due to lupus erythematosus.

Gastrointestinal Diseases

It is indicated for ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis (Crohn's disease) during acute flares.

Cortan 100 ml belongs to the Glucocorticoids class of medicines.

Cortan 100 ml is a synthetic adrenocortical steroid with predominantly glucocorticoid properties. Its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions stem from its ability to inhibit the enzyme phospholipase A2, which is responsible for producing inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes, slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), and prostaglandins. By blocking this pathway, Cortan 100 ml reduces inflammation, suppresses immune activity, and stabilizes cellular responses.

Following oral administration, Cortan 100 ml is rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is 70–90% bound to plasma proteins and has a plasma elimination half-life of approximately 2 to 4 hours. The drug is metabolized mainly in the liver and its metabolites are excreted through the urine.

The therapeutic effectiveness of Cortan 100 ml may be reduced when taken with certain medicines, including aminoglutethimide, antacids, barbiturates, carbamazepine, griseofulvin, mitotane, phenylbutazone, phenytoin, primidone, and rifampin.

Cortan 100 ml can lower blood potassium levels (hypokalemia). When combined with digitalis (digoxin), this potassium loss may increase the risk of cardiac arrhythmias. Because corticosteroids can blunt the immune response, immunization and vaccination should be carried out with caution while on therapy. Always inform your doctor about all medicines, supplements, and vaccines you are taking.

Like all corticosteroids, Cortan 100 ml may cause side effects, particularly with high doses or prolonged use. These are grouped by body system below:

Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances

Sodium retention, fluid retention, congestive heart failure in susceptible patients, potassium loss, hypokalemic alkalosis, and high blood pressure (hypertension).

Musculoskeletal

Muscle weakness, steroid myopathy, loss of muscle mass, osteoporosis, vertebral compression fractures, aseptic necrosis of the femoral and humeral heads, and pathologic fracture of long bones.

Gastrointestinal

Peptic ulcer with possible perforation and hemorrhage, pancreatitis, abdominal distension, and ulcerative esophagitis.

Dermatologic

Impaired wound healing, thin and fragile skin, petechiae and ecchymoses (bruising), facial erythema, increased sweating, and suppression of skin test reactions.

Neurological

Convulsions, increased intracranial pressure with papilledema (cerebral pseudotumor) usually after treatment, vertigo, and headache.

Endocrine

Menstrual irregularities, development of a Cushingoid state, suppression of growth in children, secondary adrenocortical and pituitary unresponsiveness (particularly during stress such as trauma, surgery, or illness), decreased carbohydrate tolerance, unmasking of latent diabetes mellitus, and increased insulin or oral hypoglycemic requirements in diabetics.

Ophthalmic

Posterior subcapsular cataracts, increased intraocular pressure, glaucoma, and exophthalmos.

Metabolic

Negative nitrogen balance due to protein catabolism.

Pregnancy: Cortan 100 ml is not recommended during pregnancy unless considered essential by your doctor. It should only be used when the expected benefit to the mother clearly outweighs any potential risk to the fetus.

Lactation: Corticosteroids are excreted in breast milk and may suppress an infant's growth, interfere with the baby's natural corticosteroid production, or cause other unwanted effects. Nursing mothers should use Cortan 100 ml only under medical supervision.

Patients taking immunosuppressant doses of corticosteroids should avoid exposure to chickenpox or measles and should seek medical advice without delay if exposure occurs.

Patients on corticosteroid therapy who face unusual stress may require an increased dose of a rapidly acting corticosteroid before, during, and after the stressful situation. Corticosteroids may mask signs of infection, and new infections may develop during treatment; there may also be reduced resistance and difficulty in localizing infection.

Prolonged use may cause posterior subcapsular cataracts, glaucoma with possible optic nerve damage, and may promote secondary fungal or viral eye infections. Average and large doses can raise blood pressure and cause salt and water retention along with increased potassium excretion.

Patients on corticosteroid therapy should not receive the smallpox vaccine, and other immunizations should generally be avoided—especially at high doses—because of the risk of neurological complications and inadequate antibody response.

Children on immunosuppressive drugs are more susceptible to infections than healthy children. Illnesses such as chickenpox and measles can follow a more serious or even fatal course in non-immune children or adults on corticosteroids.

Adverse effects from Cortan 100 ml generally develop only after prolonged use of doses exceeding normal physiological requirements. There is no specific antidote for acute overdose; treatment is supportive and symptomatic. Where possible, the Cortan 100 ml dose should be reduced gradually rather than stopped suddenly to avoid withdrawal effects.

Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light. Keep the medicine out of the reach of children.

Pediatric Use

In the treatment of endocrine disorders such as primary and secondary adrenocortical insufficiency in infancy, mineralocorticoid supplementation is particularly important. Infants born to mothers who received substantial doses of corticosteroids during pregnancy should be carefully monitored for signs of hypoadrenalism.

Immunization procedures should not be undertaken in children on corticosteroids. Pediatric patients taking immune-suppressing drugs are more susceptible to infections than healthy children, and illnesses such as chickenpox and measles may have a more serious or even fatal course in non-immune patients. Growth and development should be closely monitored in children on prolonged corticosteroid therapy. Refer to the contraindications and warnings for complete information.

Glucocorticoids

Cortan 100 ml is a synthetic adrenocortical drug with predominantly glucocorticoid properties. It directly inhibits the action of the Phospholipase A2 enzyme which is responsible for the production of different inflammatory mediators like Leukotrienes, SRS-A, Prostaglandins etc. Cortan 100 ml is rapidly and well absorbed from the Gl tract following oral administration. the medicine is 70- 90% protein-bound in the plasma and it is eliminated from the plasma with a half-life of 2 to 4 hours. It is metabolized mainly in the liver and excreted in the urine.