Labeta100 mg

Labeta is a combined alpha-1 and non-selective beta-adrenergic blocking agent used for the following indications:

• Essential hypertension (FDA-approved, established use): Labeta tablets are indicated for the management of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents such as thiazide diuretics.
• Hypertensive emergencies and severe hypertension (FDA-approved, IV form): Intravenous Labeta is indicated for the management of severe hypertension when rapid, controlled reduction of blood pressure is required.
• Hypertension in pregnancy (guideline-supported use): Labeta is widely used and often preferred among antihypertensives in pregnancy (including pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension) because of its comparatively well-established safety profile in this setting; use should still be guided by an obstetric physician.
• Perioperative and hypotensive anesthesia support (adjunct/off-label use): Intravenous Labeta is sometimes used to control blood pressure during anesthesia or surgery, and as an adjunct in controlled hypotension techniques.

Use of Labeta for any indication should be individualized and supervised by a qualified physician.

Each tablet/injection of Labetalol Hydrochloride contains Labetalol Hydrochloride USP as the active ingredient. Labetalol Hydrochloride is available as film-coated oral tablets (commonly 100 mg and 200 mg) and as an intravenous injection/infusion (commonly 5 mg/mL, 50 mg/10 mL) for hospital use.

Labeta is a combined selective alpha-1 adrenergic and non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent used in the treatment of hypertension. Unlike pure beta-blockers, Labeta lowers blood pressure through a combination of decreased peripheral vascular resistance (via alpha-1 blockade) and reduced heart rate/cardiac output (via beta blockade), typically without significant reflex tachycardia.

Labeta is available in oral tablet form for chronic management of hypertension and as an intravenous formulation for rapid blood pressure control in hospitalized patients with severe hypertension or hypertensive emergencies.

Labeta belongs to the therapeutic class of combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (antihypertensives).

Labetalol Hydrochloride is a competitive antagonist at alpha-1 adrenergic receptors and at both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors (non-selective beta-blockade), with a beta:alpha blocking ratio of approximately 3:1 orally and 7:1 intravenously.

• Alpha-1 blockade causes vasodilation and reduces peripheral vascular resistance.
• Beta blockade reduces heart rate, myocardial contractility, and renin release.
• The combined effect lowers blood pressure without the significant reflex tachycardia typically seen with pure vasodilators, and with less bradycardia than pure beta-blockers at equivalent antihypertensive doses.

Pharmacokinetics: After oral administration, Labetalol Hydrochloride is well (nearly completely) absorbed, undergoes significant first-pass hepatic metabolism, and reaches peak plasma concentration in about 1-2 hours. Its elimination half-life is approximately 6-8 hours. It is metabolized in the liver (largely via glucuronide conjugation) and excreted mainly in urine, with a smaller portion in feces via bile.

Oral Labeta tablets should be swallowed with water and may be taken with or without food; taking it at the same times each day helps maintain consistent blood levels. Intravenous Labeta must be administered only by trained healthcare professionals in a hospital or clinical setting with continuous blood pressure and cardiac monitoring. Do not switch between oral and IV forms, change the dose, or discontinue Labeta without medical advice, as abrupt discontinuation can be harmful (see Precautions and Warnings).

• Halothane and other general anesthetics: Labeta may enhance the hypotensive effect of general anesthetics; careful monitoring is needed during surgery.
• Cimetidine: Increases the oral bioavailability of Labeta; blood pressure should be monitored more closely.
• Tricyclic antidepressants: May increase the risk of tremor when combined with Labeta.
• Class I antiarrhythmics and calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil): Concurrent use with Labeta increases the risk of significant bradycardia, AV conduction disturbances, and hypotension; combine only with careful cardiac monitoring.
• NSAIDs: May reduce the antihypertensive effect of Labeta through sodium/fluid retention and effects on renal prostaglandins.
• Nitroglycerin and other antihypertensives/diuretics: Additive hypotensive effects; dose adjustment and monitoring may be needed.
• Insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents: Labeta may mask signs of hypoglycemia (such as tachycardia); blood glucose should be monitored closely in diabetic patients.

Patients should inform their physician of all medicines, supplements, and herbal products being used before starting Labeta.

Common side effects of Labeta include:

• Dizziness and postural (orthostatic) hypotension, especially at the start of therapy or with dose increases
• Fatigue, tiredness, and weakness
• Headache and scalp tingling
• Nausea, vomiting, and epigastric discomfort
• Nasal stuffiness
• Skin rash
• Difficulty with micturition (urination)

Less common but serious side effects include severe hepatocellular injury (rare but potentially serious; see Precautions and Warnings), significant bradycardia, worsening heart failure, and bronchospasm in susceptible patients. Patients should seek medical attention promptly for yellowing of the eyes/skin, unexplained fatigue, dark urine, severe dizziness, fainting, or breathing difficulty while taking Labeta.

Pregnancy: Labeta is among the antihypertensive agents more commonly used for hypertension in pregnancy, including pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension, and is generally considered to have a comparatively favorable safety profile among agents usable in this setting. However, Labeta should be used in pregnancy only if clearly needed, with the dose and duration determined by the treating obstetric physician, since safety data, while reassuring, are not exhaustive. Close monitoring of maternal blood pressure and fetal well-being is recommended.

Lactation: Labeta is excreted into breast milk in small amounts (a very small fraction of the maternal dose). It is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding under medical supervision, but the nursing infant should be monitored for signs of beta-blockade (such as low heart rate or low blood glucose), and a physician should be consulted before use while breastfeeding.

• Hepatotoxicity: Labeta carries a rare but recognized risk of severe hepatocellular injury, which may be progressive despite few initial symptoms. Patients should be monitored for signs such as jaundice, unexplained fatigue, nausea, or right upper quadrant pain, and liver function should be assessed promptly if these occur; Labeta should be discontinued if hepatic injury is confirmed or strongly suspected.
• Abrupt discontinuation: Do not stop Labeta suddenly, particularly in patients with underlying coronary artery disease, as this can precipitate rebound hypertension, worsening angina, myocardial infarction, or arrhythmias. When discontinuation is needed, the dose should be tapered gradually over one to two weeks under medical supervision.
• Diabetes mellitus: Labeta, like other beta-blockers, may mask some signs of hypoglycemia (e.g., tachycardia); blood glucose should be monitored closely in diabetic patients.
• Orthostatic hypotension: Due to its alpha-blocking activity, Labeta can cause symptomatic postural hypotension, particularly during IV administration or dose titration; patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions and IV patients should remain supine during and shortly after administration.
• Bronchospastic disease: Use with caution in patients with a history of chronic bronchitis or emphysema without frank bronchospasm, using the lowest effective dose, as beta-blockade can precipitate bronchospasm; Labeta is contraindicated in bronchial asthma (see Contraindications).
• Cardiac conduction and heart failure: Use with caution in patients with compensated heart failure or first-degree AV block, as beta-blockade can worsen conduction disturbances or myocardial function.

Overdose of Labeta may cause excessive lowering of blood pressure, severe bradycardia, cardiac conduction disturbances, bronchospasm, and cardiogenic shock. Overdose is a medical emergency: seek immediate medical attention or contact emergency services / a poison control center right away. Treatment is supportive and must be given under close medical supervision in a hospital setting; do not attempt to manage a suspected overdose at home.

Store at room temperature (below 30°C), away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Pediatric use: Safety and efficacy of Labeta have not been established in children; it is not routinely recommended for pediatric use outside of specialist supervision.

Elderly: Elderly patients may be more sensitive to the blood-pressure-lowering effects of Labeta and may require lower initial doses with careful titration.

Renal impairment: No well-established dose adjustment is required, as Labeta is primarily metabolized by the liver, but routine monitoring is advised.

Hepatic impairment: Labeta should be used with caution and close monitoring in mild-to-moderate hepatic impairment, and is contraindicated in severe hepatic impairment or active liver disease (see Contraindications).

Labeta is typically used long-term for chronic management of hypertension, as determined by the treating physician based on blood pressure response and tolerability. In hypertensive emergencies, intravenous Labeta is used short-term until blood pressure is controlled, followed by transition to oral therapy. Treatment duration should never be shortened, extended, or stopped without medical advice, given the risk of rebound effects with abrupt discontinuation.

Combined alpha-1 and non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker (antihypertensive).

Labetalol Hydrochloride works by blocking alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (causing vasodilation and reduced peripheral resistance) and beta-1/beta-2 adrenergic receptors (reducing heart rate, cardiac contractility, and renin release), producing a dose-related fall in blood pressure generally without significant reflex tachycardia.

Category C (FDA legacy pregnancy category)

The safety and efficacy of Labeta have not been formally established in pediatric patients. Use in children should only occur under the direct supervision of a specialist physician when the potential benefit is judged to outweigh the risks, and appropriate pediatric dosing has not been well established in labeling.