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Maprocin250 mg/5 ml
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Medicine overview
Indications of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml
respiratory and gastrointestinal tractsbacteraemiaperitionitisacute and chronic bronchitisacute exacerbation of cystic fibrosisbronchiectasisempyema. Urinary tract infections: Uncomplicated and complicated urethritiscystitispyelonephritisprostatitisepididymitis. Skin and soft tissue infections: e.g. infected ulcerswound infectionsabscessescellulitisotitis externaerysipelasinfected burns. Gastro-intestinal infections: e.g. enteric feverinfective diarrhea. Infection of the biliary tract: e.g. cholangitischolecystitisempyema of the gall bladder. Intra abdominal infections: e.g. peritonitisintra abdominal abscesses. Bone and joint infection: Osteomyelitisseptic arthritis. Pelvic infections: e.g. salpingitisendometritispelvic inflammatory diseases. Eyeearnose and throat infections: e.g. otitis mediasinusitismastoiditistonsillitis. Gonorrhoea: Including urethral
Theropeutic Class
4-Quinolone preparations, Anti-diarrhoeal Antimicrobial drugs
Pharmacology
Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is a synthetic fluoroquinolone.
Absorption
It has bactericidal activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
Distribution
It inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis by binding with the bacterial enzyme-DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV which are responsible for DNA supercoiling.
Dosage of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml
General dosage recommendations
Dosage:The dosage of the Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is determined by the severity and type of infection, the sensitivity of the causative organism(s) and the age, weight and renal function of the patient
Adults
Dosage:The dosage range for adults is 100-750 mg twice daily
Notes:In infections of the lower and upper urinary tract (depending on severity): 250-500 mg twice daily
In respiratory tract infections
Dosage:250-500mg twice daily for both upper and lower respiratory tract infections, depending on the severity
Notes:For the treatment of known Streptococcus pneumonia infection, the recommended dosage is 750 mg twice daily
In gonorrhea
Dosage:A single dose of 250 or 500 mg
In the majority other infections
Dosage:500-750 mg twice daily should be administered
Cystic fibrosis
Dosage:In adults with pseudomonal infections of the lower respiratory tract , the normal dose is 750 mg twice daily
Notes:As the pharmacokinetics of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml remain unchanged in patients with cystic fibrosis, the low body weight of these patients would be fallen into consideration when determining dosage
Impaired renal function
Dosage:Dosage adjustment is not usually required except in patients with several renal impairment
Notes:(serum creatinine >265 micro mol/l or creatinine clearance <20 ml/minute). If adjustment is necessary, this may be achieved by reducing the total daily dose by half, although monitoring of drug serum levels provide the most reliable basis for dose adjustment
Elderly
Dosage:Although higher Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml serum levels are found in the elderly, no adjustment of dosage is necessary
Adeloscents and children
Dosage:As with other drugs in its class, Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml has been shown to cause arthropathy in weight bearing joints of immature animals
Notes:Although the relevance of this to man is unknown, its use in children, growing children and growing adolescents is not recommended. However, where the benefit of using Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is considered to outweigh the potential risk, the dosage should be 7.5-15 mg/kg/day depending upon the severity of infection, administered in two divided doses
Duration of treatment
Dosage:The duration of treatment depends upon the severity of infection, clinical response and bacteriological findings
For acute infections
Dosage:The usual treatment period is 5 to 10 days with Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml tablets
Notes:Generally treatment should be continued for three days after the signs and symptoms of the infection have disappeared
Extended-release tablet
Dosage:In uncomplicated urinary tract infection (acute cystitis), the recommended dose of extended-release tablet is 1000 mg tablet once daily for three days
For IV infusion
Dosage:Urinary Tract Infection: Mild to Moderate: 200 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days Lower Respiratory Tract infection: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for 7-14 days Nosocomial Pneumonia: Mild/Moderate/Severe: 400 mg 8 hourly for 10-14 days Skin and Skin Structure: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for 7-14 days Bone and Joint Infection: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for more than 4-6 weeks; Severe/Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for more than 4-6weeks Intraabdominal (Acute abdomen): Complicated: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days Acute Sinusitis: Mild/Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 10 days Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis: Mild/Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 28 Days
| Condition | Dosage | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| General dosage recommendations | The dosage of the Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is determined by the severity and type of infection, the sensitivity of the causative organism(s) and the age, weight and renal function of the patient | |
| Adults | The dosage range for adults is 100-750 mg twice daily | In infections of the lower and upper urinary tract (depending on severity): 250-500 mg twice daily |
| In respiratory tract infections | 250-500mg twice daily for both upper and lower respiratory tract infections, depending on the severity | For the treatment of known Streptococcus pneumonia infection, the recommended dosage is 750 mg twice daily |
| In gonorrhea | A single dose of 250 or 500 mg | |
| In the majority other infections | 500-750 mg twice daily should be administered | |
| Cystic fibrosis | In adults with pseudomonal infections of the lower respiratory tract , the normal dose is 750 mg twice daily | As the pharmacokinetics of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml remain unchanged in patients with cystic fibrosis, the low body weight of these patients would be fallen into consideration when determining dosage |
| Impaired renal function | Dosage adjustment is not usually required except in patients with several renal impairment | (serum creatinine >265 micro mol/l or creatinine clearance <20 ml/minute). If adjustment is necessary, this may be achieved by reducing the total daily dose by half, although monitoring of drug serum levels provide the most reliable basis for dose adjustment |
| Elderly | Although higher Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml serum levels are found in the elderly, no adjustment of dosage is necessary | |
| Adeloscents and children | As with other drugs in its class, Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml has been shown to cause arthropathy in weight bearing joints of immature animals | Although the relevance of this to man is unknown, its use in children, growing children and growing adolescents is not recommended. However, where the benefit of using Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is considered to outweigh the potential risk, the dosage should be 7.5-15 mg/kg/day depending upon the severity of infection, administered in two divided doses |
| Duration of treatment | The duration of treatment depends upon the severity of infection, clinical response and bacteriological findings | |
| For acute infections | The usual treatment period is 5 to 10 days with Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml tablets | Generally treatment should be continued for three days after the signs and symptoms of the infection have disappeared |
| Extended-release tablet | In uncomplicated urinary tract infection (acute cystitis), the recommended dose of extended-release tablet is 1000 mg tablet once daily for three days | |
| For IV infusion | Urinary Tract Infection: Mild to Moderate: 200 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days Lower Respiratory Tract infection: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for 7-14 days Nosocomial Pneumonia: Mild/Moderate/Severe: 400 mg 8 hourly for 10-14 days Skin and Skin Structure: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days; Severe or Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for 7-14 days Bone and Joint Infection: Mild to Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for more than 4-6 weeks; Severe/Complicated: 400 mg 8 hourly for more than 4-6weeks Intraabdominal (Acute abdomen): Complicated: 400 mg 12 hourly for 7-14 days Acute Sinusitis: Mild/Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 10 days Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis: Mild/Moderate: 400 mg 12 hourly for 28 Days |
Administration of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml
Instruction for the use of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml IV infusion-
Check the bag for minute leaks by squeezing the inner bag firmly. If leaks are found, or if seal is not intact, discard the solution.
Do not use if the solution is cloudy or a precipitate is present.
Do not use flexible bags in series connections.
Close flow control clamp of administration set.
Remove cover from port at bottom of bag.
Insert piercing pin of administration set into port with a twisting motion until the pin is firmly seated.
Suspend bag from hanger.
Squeeze and release drip chamber to establish proper fluid level in chamber during infusion of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml IV infusion.
Open flow control clamp to expel air from set.Close clamp.
Regulate rate of administration with flow control clamp.
Interaction of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml
Concurrent administration of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml should be avoided with Magnesium or Aluminum containing antacids or sucralfate or with other products containing Calcium, Iron or Zinc. These products may be taken two hours after or six hours before Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml. Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml should not be taken concurrently with milk or other dairy products, since absorption of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml may be significantly reduced. Dietary calcium is a part of a meal, however, does not significantly affect the absorption of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml.
Contraindications
Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml or to other quinolones.
Side Effects of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml
Gastrointestinal disturbances e.g. nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain. Disturbances of the central nervous system e.g. headache, dizziness, tiredness, confusion, convulsion & risk of retinal detachment. Hypersensitivity reactions e.g. skin rash (very rarely Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis), pruritus and possible systemic reactions. The other less reported reactions are joint pain, mild photosensitivity and transient increase in liver enzymes (particularly in patients with previous liver damage), serum bilirubin, urea or creatinine levels. Risk of hypoglycemia & mental health adverse effects.
Pregnancy & Lactation
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus and mother. Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is excreted in human milk. Due to the potential risk of articular damage, Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml should not be used during lactation.
Precautions & Warnings
It should be used with caution in patients with suspected or known CNS disorders such as arteriosclerosis or epilepsy or other factors which predispose to seizures and convulsion.
Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml may be taken with or without meals and to drink fluids liberally.
Concurrent administration of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml should be avoided with magnesium / aluminium antacids, or sucralfate or with other products containing calcium, iron and zinc. These products may be taken two hours after or six hours before Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml.
Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml should not be taken concurrently with milk or yogurt alone, since absorption of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml may be significantly reduced. Dietary calcium is a part of a meal, however, does not significantly affect the Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml absorption.
Overdose Effects of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml
Overdose following Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml administration may lead to seizures, hallucinations, confusion, abdominal discomfort, renal and hepatic impairment as well as crystalluria, haematuria, & reversible renal toxicity.
Storage Conditions
Keep below 30°C temperature, protected from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Use In Special Populations
Although effective in clinical trials, Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is not a drug of first choice in pediatric population.
Drug Classes
4-Quinolone preparations, Anti-diarrhoeal Antimicrobial drugs
Mode Of Action
Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is a synthetic quinolone anti-infective agent. Ciprofloxacion has broad spectrum of activity. It is active against most gram negative aerobic bacteria including Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is also active against gram-positive aerobic bacteria including penicillinase producing, non penicillinase producing, and methicillin resistant staphylococci, although many strains of streptococci are relatively resistant to the drug. The bactericidal action of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml results from interference with the enzyme DNA gyrase needed for the synthesis of bacterial DNA. Following oral administration it is rapidly and well absorbed from the G.I. tract. It is widely distributed into the body tissues and fluids. The half life is about 3.5 hours. About 30% to 50% of an oral dose of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is excreted in the urine within 24 hours as unchanged drug and biologically active metabolites.
Pregnancy
Reproduction studies performed in mice, rats and rabbits using parenteral and oral administration did not reveal any evidence of teratogenicity, impairment of fertility or impairment of peri/post natal development. However as with other quinolones, Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml has been shown to cause arthropathy in immature animals and therefore its use during pregnancy is not recommended. Studies in rats have indicated that Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is secreted in milk, administration to nursing mothers is thus not recommended.
Pediatric Uses
Although effective in clinical trials, Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml is not a drug of first choice in pediatric population.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml used for?
Ciprofloxacin is indicated for the treatment of single infection or mixed infections caused by two or more susceptible organisms. It can also be used for infections caused by organisms resistant to other antibiotics including Aminoglycosides, Penicillins and Cephalosporins.As antibacterial ... Read moreCiprofloxacin is indicated for the treatment of single infection or mixed infections caused by t…
What is the dosage of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml?
General dosage recommendations: The dosage of the Ciprofloxacin is determined by the severity and type of infection, the sensitivity of the causative organism(s) and the age, weight and renal function of the patient.Adults: The dosage range for adults is 100-750 mg twice daily. In infections of the lower and upper urinary tract (depending on severity): 250-500 mg twice daily.In respiratory tract i…
What are the side effects of Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml?
Gastrointestinal disturbances e.g. nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, dyspepsia, abdominal pain. Disturbances of the central nervous system e.g. headache, dizziness, tiredness, confusion, convulsion & risk of retinal detachment. Hypersensitivity reactions e.g. skin rash (very rarely Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis), pruritus and possible systemic reactions. The other less reporte…
Who should not take Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml?
Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin or to other quinolones.
What precautions should be taken with Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml?
It should be used with caution in patients with suspected or known CNS disorders such as arteriosclerosis or epilepsy or other factors which predispose to seizures and convulsion. Ciprofloxacin may be taken with or without meals and to drink fluids liberally. Concurrent administration of Ciprofloxacin should be avoided with magnesium / aluminium antacids, or sucralfate or with other products conta…
Is Maprocin 250 mg/5 ml safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding?
There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Ciprofloxacin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus and mother. Ciprofloxacin is excreted in human milk. Due to the potential risk of articular damage, Ciprofloxacin should not be used during lactation.
Disclaimer
The information provided is accurate to our best practices, but it does not replace professional medical advice. We cannot guarantee its completeness or accuracy. The absence of specific information about a drug should not be seen as an endorsement. We are not responsible for any consequences resulting from this information, so consult a healthcare professional for any concerns or questions.