Profenid100 mg/2 ml

Profenid 100 mg/2 ml is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for the symptomatic relief of pain and inflammation, including:

• Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis
• Periarticular conditions such as bursitis, tendinitis, and tenosynovitis
• Acute musculoskeletal pain, low back pain, and sciatica
• Acute gout
• Postoperative pain and pain following musculoskeletal injury
• Primary dysmenorrhoea and other pain such as dental pain or headache

Profenid 100 mg/2 ml is marketed in more than one dosage form (oral capsules/tablets, suppositories, and intramuscular injection); a separate topical gel form also exists as a distinct generic listing. This entry covers the oral, suppository, and injectable forms.

Contains Profenid 100 mg/2 ml as the active ingredient. It is available in several dosage forms and strengths, including immediate-release, sustained-release, controlled-release, or timed-release capsules, enteric-coated tablets, suppositories, and intramuscular injection. The generic name alone does not identify a single specific formulation or strength; always confirm the specific product's dosage form and strength on its own label.

Profenid 100 mg/2 ml is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation in a range of musculoskeletal and other painful conditions. It is available as oral capsules and tablets, as rectal suppositories, and as an intramuscular injection for more severe or acute pain, each with its own dosing pattern. A separate topical gel formulation also exists but is a distinct product from the oral and injectable forms.

Therapeutic Class: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID)

Profenid 100 mg/2 ml is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, and is approximately 99% bound to plasma protein. It is extensively metabolized in the liver, mainly by conjugation with glucuronic acid, and eliminated primarily in the urine, with a smaller amount in the faeces. The elimination half-life after oral dosing is approximately 1 to 4 hours. Following intramuscular injection, peak plasma concentration is reached in about 30-45 minutes.

• Oral forms may be taken with food, milk, or antacids to help reduce gastrointestinal upset
• Sustained/controlled/extended-release capsules should be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed
• Suppositories are inserted rectally, generally at bedtime
• Intramuscular injection should be administered by a healthcare professional using standard aseptic technique into a large muscle

Profenid 100 mg/2 ml may interact with the following, and combined use should be assessed by a healthcare professional:

• Other NSAIDs or aspirin, which increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration
• Anticoagulants such as warfarin, and antiplatelet agents, which increase bleeding risk
• ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and diuretics, which may have reduced effectiveness and increased risk of kidney impairment when combined with NSAIDs
• Lithium and methotrexate, whose blood levels may be increased by Profenid 100 mg/2 ml
• Corticosteroids, which further increase gastrointestinal risk when combined with NSAIDs

Common side effects

• Nausea, indigestion, or stomach discomfort
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Fluid retention or mild swelling

Serious side effects (seek urgent medical attention)

• Signs of gastrointestinal bleeding: black or bloody stools, vomiting blood, severe stomach pain
• Signs of a heart attack or stroke: chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness on one side of the body, slurred speech
• Signs of a serious skin reaction: blistering, peeling skin, rash with fever
• Signs of an allergic reaction, particularly in patients with a history of aspirin or NSAID sensitivity: difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat
• Signs of kidney problems: reduced urination, swelling of the legs or ankles

Pregnancy

NSAIDs including Profenid 100 mg/2 ml should be avoided starting around 20 weeks of pregnancy, as they may cause fetal kidney problems, and are contraindicated in the third trimester due to risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus. Use earlier in pregnancy should only occur if considered necessary by a doctor.

Breastfeeding

Data on Profenid 100 mg/2 ml use during breastfeeding are limited; use should be guided by a healthcare professional, weighing the mother's need for treatment against potential infant exposure.

• NSAIDs, including Profenid 100 mg/2 ml, are associated with an increased risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, including heart attack and stroke, which can occur early in treatment and increase with duration of use.
• NSAIDs increase the risk of serious gastrointestinal adverse events, including bleeding, ulceration, and perforation, which can occur at any time and without warning symptoms; elderly patients and those with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease are at greater risk.
• Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with treatment goals.
• Use with caution in patients with asthma, as NSAIDs can precipitate bronchospasm in susceptible individuals.
• Use with caution in patients with renal, hepatic, or cardiovascular impairment, or in those on diuretics or antihypertensive medication.

Overdose of Profenid 100 mg/2 ml may cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, drowsiness, and, in more severe cases, gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney impairment, or effects on blood pressure and breathing. Suspected overdose requires prompt medical evaluation; treatment is generally supportive and provided in a medical facility.

Store oral capsules and tablets at room temperature, in a tightly closed container, protected from light and excessive heat or humidity. Suppositories and injectable forms should be stored as directed on their specific product labeling, which may include refrigeration for some presentations; always check the individual product's storage instructions.

• Elderly: Lower starting doses are generally recommended, as elderly patients are at greater risk of NSAID-related gastrointestinal and cardiovascular complications.
• Renal impairment: Use with caution; dose reduction or avoidance may be needed depending on severity.
• Hepatic impairment: Use with caution, as Profenid 100 mg/2 ml is extensively metabolized by the liver.

Treatment duration depends on the condition being treated; Profenid 100 mg/2 ml is generally used for the shortest period needed to control symptoms, particularly given the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risks that increase with prolonged NSAID use. Chronic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis may require longer-term use under regular medical review.

Drug Class: Propionic acid derivative NSAID

Profenid 100 mg/2 ml works mainly by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes, which reduces the production of prostaglandins, chemical messengers involved in pain, inflammation, and fever. It also has additional effects, including stabilizing cell membranes and reducing certain other inflammatory mediators, which together relieve pain, reduce swelling, and lower fever.

Safety and efficacy of oral Profenid 100 mg/2 ml have not been established in patients younger than 18 years, and intramuscular use has not been established in the pediatric population. Use in children should only occur under specialist medical guidance where an alternative is not suitable.