Supralex100 ml

Supralex 100 ml is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms, including:

• Respiratory tract infections
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Bone infections
• Genitourinary tract infections, including acute prostatitis
• Otitis media (middle ear infection)

Supralex 100 ml is not effective against viral infections such as the common cold or flu.

Contains Supralex 100 ml (as Supralex 100 ml monohydrate) as the active ingredient, available as oral capsules or tablets (commonly 250 mg and 500 mg) and as an oral suspension (commonly 125 mg or 250 mg per 5 mL). Exact strengths available may vary by product.

Supralex 100 ml is an oral antibiotic belonging to the cephalosporin class, used to treat a range of bacterial infections affecting the respiratory tract, skin, bone, ear, and urinary tract. It works by interfering with the ability of susceptible bacteria to build their cell walls, which kills the bacteria. Supralex 100 ml is one of the more commonly prescribed oral antibiotics for uncomplicated bacterial infections in both adults and children.

Therapeutic Class: Antibiotic (First-generation Cephalosporin)

Supralex 100 ml is well absorbed after oral administration and is distributed widely in body tissues. It is largely excreted unchanged in the urine via renal tubular secretion, so patients with reduced kidney function require dose adjustment. It has activity against many gram-positive organisms, including staphylococci and streptococci, and some gram-negative organisms, though it is not active against MRSA or Pseudomonas species.

Supralex 100 ml can be taken with or without food, though taking it with food may help reduce stomach upset. The oral suspension should be shaken well before each dose and measured using an accurate dosing device. Doses should be spaced evenly through the day as prescribed, and the full course of antibiotic should be completed even if symptoms resolve before the medicine is finished.

Supralex 100 ml has relatively few major drug interactions, but the following should be assessed by a healthcare professional:

• Probenecid, which can increase and prolong Supralex 100 ml blood levels
• Metformin, since Supralex 100 ml may increase metformin blood concentrations
• Anticoagulants such as warfarin, as cephalosporins may be associated with prolonged prothrombin time in some patients, particularly those with renal or hepatic impairment or poor nutritional status

Common side effects

• Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
• Stomach upset or abdominal discomfort
• Headache

Serious side effects (seek medical attention)

• Severe or persistent diarrhea, which may indicate Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea (antibiotic-associated colitis)
• Signs of a severe allergic reaction: rash, hives, swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing
• Unusual bleeding or bruising
• Signs of hemolytic anemia (unusual tiredness, pale skin, yellowing of the skin or eyes)
• Seizures, particularly in patients with renal impairment given doses not adjusted for kidney function

Pregnancy

Data from published studies over several decades of Supralex 100 ml use in pregnancy have not identified a consistent association with major birth defects, miscarriage, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Animal studies have not shown evidence of harm to the fetus. Supralex 100 ml may be used in pregnancy when clinically indicated, as advised by a doctor.

Breastfeeding

Supralex 100 ml is present in human milk, but the relative infant dose is considered low (under 1% of the maternal weight-adjusted dose). There are no data indicating an effect on milk production. It may generally be used while breastfeeding under medical guidance, weighing the mother's need for treatment against any potential effect on the nursing infant.

• Use with caution in patients with a history of penicillin allergy, due to possible cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins.
• Dose adjustment is needed in patients with renal impairment to reduce the risk of accumulation and seizures.
• Cephalosporins have been associated with prolonged prothrombin time in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, poor nutritional status, or those on prolonged antibiotic courses or anticoagulant therapy.
• If diarrhea develops during or after treatment, medical evaluation for Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea should be considered.
• Complete the full prescribed course, even if symptoms improve, to reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance and treatment failure.

Overdose of Supralex 100 ml may cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and, particularly in patients with impaired kidney function, an increased risk of seizures. Suspected overdose should be evaluated by a healthcare professional promptly; treatment is generally supportive, and gastric decontamination may be considered if the overdose is recent, under medical guidance.

Store capsules or tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and excess heat, as directed on the product label. The reconstituted oral suspension should be stored according to the specific product's instructions, generally under refrigeration, and any unused portion discarded after the labeled in-use period, since this can vary by product.

• Elderly: No significant differences in safety or effectiveness compared to younger adults have been observed in clinical experience, though age-related decline in kidney function should be considered when dosing.
• Renal impairment: Requires dose or interval adjustment, as Supralex 100 ml accumulates in reduced kidney function, increasing the risk of adverse effects including seizures.
• Hepatic impairment: Specific dose adjustment guidance is not established; use with general clinical caution.

Duration of treatment depends on the type and severity of infection and generally ranges from 7 to 14 days. For streptococcal pharyngitis specifically, at least 10 days of treatment is recommended to reduce the risk of complications such as rheumatic fever. Patients should complete the prescribed course fully, even if symptoms resolve earlier.

The oral suspension powder requires reconstitution with water before use, according to the specific product's instructions, to achieve the labeled concentration (for example, 125 mg or 250 mg per 5 mL). The pharmacist typically reconstitutes the suspension at the time of dispensing; follow the product-specific instructions for shaking, storage, and duration of use after reconstitution, as this varies by manufacturer.

Drug Class: Beta-lactam antibiotic - first-generation cephalosporin

Supralex 100 ml works by binding to penicillin-binding proteins involved in building the bacterial cell wall. This disrupts cell wall synthesis in actively dividing bacteria, causing the bacterial cell to weaken and rupture, which kills the bacteria (a bactericidal effect).

Supralex 100 ml is established for use in children 1 year of age and older, using weight-based dosing of 25-50 mg/kg/day in divided doses for most infections (up to 50-100 mg/kg/day for severe infections, under medical supervision). Dosing in infants younger than 1 year should be determined individually by the prescribing physician. The oral suspension formulation is generally preferred for younger children who cannot swallow capsules or tablets.