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Adsorbed tetanus vaccine: Brands, Price & Uses in Bangladesh
Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine is a toxoid vaccine used for active immunization against tetanus, a serious disease caused by the toxin of Clostridium tetani .
About Adsorbed tetanus vaccine
Indications of Adsorbed tetanus vaccine
Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine is a toxoid vaccine used for active immunization against tetanus, a serious disease caused by the toxin of Clostridium tetani.
Established / guideline-supported uses
- Primary immunization series against tetanus in infants, children, adolescents, and adults, generally given as part of a combination diphtheria-tetanus-containing vaccine, or alone when only tetanus protection is required.
- Booster (recall) doses to maintain protective antitoxin levels, typically every 10 years after completion of the primary series.
- Tetanus prophylaxis in wound management, given after injury (e.g. puncture wounds, burns, contaminated wounds) according to the wound type and the person's prior vaccination history, sometimes together with tetanus immunoglobulin for wounds at higher risk.
- Maternal immunization during pregnancy as part of national/WHO programs to prevent maternal and neonatal tetanus.
Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine is a preventive (prophylactic) vaccine only; it is not used to treat an established tetanus infection, which requires tetanus immunoglobulin and supportive medical care.
Dosage & Administration of Adsorbed tetanus vaccine
| Indication | Population | Typical dosing schedule |
|---|---|---|
| Primary immunization | Infants/children (usually as part of a combination diphtheria-tetanus-containing vaccine) | A primary series of 3 doses in infancy per the national immunization schedule, followed by booster doses in early childhood and adolescence. |
| Primary immunization (unimmunized adult/adolescent) | Adults/adolescents not previously immunized | 3 doses of 0.5 mL Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine intramuscularly: dose 2 at 4 weeks after dose 1, dose 3 at 6-12 months after dose 2. |
| Routine booster | Adults with completed primary series | 0.5 mL Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine intramuscularly every 10 years. |
| Maternal immunization (tetanus/neonatal tetanus prevention) | Pregnant women | Per national/WHO schedule - typically 2 doses in first pregnancy 4 weeks apart (2nd dose ≥2 weeks before delivery), with further doses in subsequent pregnancies up to a total of 5 doses for lifelong protection. |
| Wound management prophylaxis | Any age, based on wound type and vaccination history | 0.5 mL Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine if the primary series is incomplete/unknown, or if ≥5-10 years (depending on wound risk) have passed since the last dose; tetanus immunoglobulin is added for higher-risk wounds in under-immunized individuals. |
See Administration for injection technique and Contraindications for who should not receive Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine.
Side Effects of Adsorbed tetanus vaccine
Most reactions to Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine are mild and self-limited.
Common
- Injection-site pain, redness, swelling, or induration (the most frequently reported reaction)
- Low-grade fever, malaise, headache, myalgia/arthralgia, and fatigue
Uncommon/Rare
- Large local (Arthus-type) reactions, more common with frequent boosters given closer together than recommended
- Urticaria and other hypersensitivity reactions
- Transient lymphadenopathy
- Syncope (vasovagal reaction) around the time of injection, mainly in adolescents
Very rare/serious
- Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction) - see Contraindications
- Guillain-Barré syndrome and brachial neuritis have been reported very rarely in temporal association with tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccines - see Precautions and Warnings
Contraindications of Adsorbed tetanus vaccine
Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine is contraindicated in individuals with:
- A history of a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) after a previous dose of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine or any tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccine, or to any component of the vaccine.
- A history of a severe neurological reaction (e.g. encephalopathy) following a previous dose of a tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccine.
Frequently Asked Questions about Adsorbed tetanus vaccine
What is Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine used for?
Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine is used to actively immunize against tetanus, a serious and potentially fatal disease caused by a nerve toxin from Clostridium tetani. It is used for primary childhood immunization, routine adult booster doses, wound-related prophylaxis, and maternal immunization to prevent neonatal tetanus.
How often do I need a booster dose of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine?
After completing the primary series, a booster dose of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine is generally recommended every 10 years. Additional doses may be advised sooner after a high-risk wound, depending on how long it has been since your last dose.
Can Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine be given during pregnancy?
Yes. Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine is routinely recommended during pregnancy in many immunization programs, because maternal antibodies protect the newborn against neonatal tetanus. As with any vaccine in pregnancy, it should be given based on your physician's or immunization program's advice.
What are the common side effects of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine?
The most common effects are mild and temporary: pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site, and sometimes low-grade fever, headache, or muscle aches. Severe allergic reactions are rare.
Who should not receive Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine?
Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine should not be given to anyone who has had a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) after a previous dose of a tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccine or to any of its components, or a severe neurological reaction after a previous dose. People with a moderate or severe acute illness should usually wait until they recover.
Does Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine treat tetanus infection once it has started?
No. Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine only prevents tetanus by building immunity before exposure. If tetanus infection is suspected, urgent medical treatment (including tetanus immunoglobulin) is required; Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine vaccination alone will not treat active disease.
Disclaimer
The information provided is accurate to the best of our knowledge, but it does not replace professional medical advice. We cannot guarantee its completeness or accuracy, and the absence of specific information about a drug should not be taken as an endorsement. We are not responsible for any consequences arising from this information, so please consult a healthcare professional for any concerns or questions.