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Nitazoxanide: Brands, Price & Uses in Bangladesh
Nitazoxanide is an antiprotozoal medicine used to treat certain parasitic causes of diarrhea.
About Nitazoxanide
Indications of Nitazoxanide
Nitazoxanide is an antiprotozoal medicine used to treat certain parasitic causes of diarrhea.
Established / FDA-approved uses
- Treatment of diarrhea caused by Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) in patients 1 year of age and older.
- Treatment of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum (cryptosporidiosis) in patients 1 year of age and older who are otherwise immunocompetent. Efficacy has not been established in patients who are immunocompromised (for example, patients with HIV/AIDS).
Regional / additional labeling
- In some regional labels (including Bangladesh), Nitazoxanide is also indicated for diarrhea/dysentery caused by Entamoeba histolytica, based on local regulatory approval and clinical experience rather than US FDA labeling.
Off-label / investigational use
Nitazoxanide has also been studied off-label for other intestinal parasitic infections and, during the COVID-19 pandemic, was investigated as a possible antiviral against certain viral gastroenteritis and respiratory viruses; evidence for these uses is limited and inconsistent, and such use should only occur under a physician's guidance.
Dosage & Administration of Nitazoxanide
Nitazoxanide is taken by mouth with food, usually as a 3-day course, with the dose depending on age as shown below.
| Age group | Dose | Form | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1–3 years | 100 mg every 12 hours | Oral suspension (5 mL) | 3 days |
| 4–11 years | 200 mg every 12 hours | Oral suspension (10 mL) | 3 days |
| 12 years and older (including adults) | 500 mg every 12 hours | Tablet or oral suspension (25 mL) | 3 days |
Take Nitazoxanide exactly as prescribed by your physician; do not stop, extend, skip doses, or share this medicine with others without medical advice, as incomplete or inappropriate use of antiparasitic therapy can reduce effectiveness and contribute to reduced susceptibility over time.
Safety and efficacy in children younger than 1 year have not been established.
Side Effects of Nitazoxanide
Most adverse effects associated with Nitazoxanide are mild and gastrointestinal in nature.
Common
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Nausea
- Vomiting (more frequently reported in children)
Less common
- Dyspepsia, flatulence, anorexia
- Dizziness
- Discoloration of urine (harmless)
Seek medical attention promptly for signs of an allergic reaction (rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, trouble breathing) or for persistent, severe, or bloody diarrhea, high fever, or signs of dehydration while taking Nitazoxanide, as these may indicate a different or more serious underlying condition.
Contraindications of Nitazoxanide
Nitazoxanide is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to nitazoxanide, tizoxanide, or any excipient in the specific formulation.
Frequently Asked Questions about Nitazoxanide
What is Nitazoxanide used for?
Nitazoxanide is used to treat diarrhea caused by the parasites Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum, and in some regional labels, Entamoeba histolytica. It is usually given as a 3-day course.
How should I take Nitazoxanide?
Take Nitazoxanide by mouth with food, exactly as prescribed, usually every 12 hours for 3 days. Shake the oral suspension well before each dose and complete the full course even if you feel better sooner.
Can Nitazoxanide be used in pregnancy?
Nitazoxanide should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus, because adequate human safety data are lacking; consult a physician before use.
What are the common side effects of Nitazoxanide?
The most common side effects of Nitazoxanide are mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and headache. Contact your physician if you develop severe, bloody diarrhea, high fever, or signs of an allergic reaction.
Is Nitazoxanide an antibiotic?
No, Nitazoxanide is an antiprotozoal (antiparasitic) agent, not a bactericidal antibiotic, although it is broadly classed as an antimicrobial. It works by interfering with the parasite's energy metabolism.
What should I do if I miss a dose or think I've taken too much Nitazoxanide?
If you miss a dose of Nitazoxanide, take it as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for the next dose. If you suspect an overdose, seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center; do not attempt home treatment.
Disclaimer
The information provided is accurate to the best of our knowledge, but it does not replace professional medical advice. We cannot guarantee its completeness or accuracy, and the absence of specific information about a drug should not be taken as an endorsement. We are not responsible for any consequences arising from this information, so please consult a healthcare professional for any concerns or questions.