Topium18 mcg

Topium 18 mcg is indicated for the long-term treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Anticholinergic bronchodilators

Topium 18 mcg is a long-acting, antimuscarinic agent, which is often referred to as an anticholinergic. It has similar affinity to the subtypes of muscarinic receptors, M1 to M5. In the airways, it exhibits pharmacological effects through inhibition of M3-receptors at the smooth muscle leading to bronchodilation. The competitive and reversible nature of antagonism was shown with human and animal origin receptors and isolated organ preparations. In preclinical in vitro as well as in vivo studies, prevention of methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction effects was dose-dependent and lasted longer than 24 hours. The bronchodilation following inhalation of Topium 18 mcg is predominantly a site-specific effect.

Adult over 18 years: The recommended dose of Topium 18 mcg Dry Powder Inhaler capsule is 18 mcg (1 capsule) once-daily, with the device.The contents of the Topium 18 mcg Dry Powder Inhaler capsules are only for oral inhalation and should only be used with the device.No dosage adjustment is required for geriatric, hepatically-impaired, or renally-impaired patients. However, patients with moderate to severe renal impairment given Topium 18 mcg capsule should be monitored closely for anticholinergic effects.

Adult over 18 years: The recommended dose of Topium 18 mcg Dry Powder Inhaler capsule is 18 mcg (1 capsule) once-daily, with the device.The contents of the Topium 18 mcg Dry Powder Inhaler capsules are only for oral inhalation and should only be used with the device.No dosage adjustment is required for geriatric, hepatically-impaired, or renally-impaired patients. However, patients with moderate to severe renal impairment given Topium 18 mcg capsule should be monitored closely for anticholinergic effects.

An interaction study with Tiotroplum (14.4 mcg intravenous infusion over 15 minutes) and cimetidine 400 mg three times daily or ranitidine 300 mg once daily was conducted. Concomitant administration of cimetidine with Tiotroplum resulted in a 20% increase in the AUC 0-4 hour, a 28% decrease in the renal clearance of Tiotroplum and no significant change in the Cmax and amount excreted in urine over 96 hours. Co-administration of Tiotroplum with ranitidine did not affect the pharmacokinetics of Tiotroplum.

Topium 18 mcg is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to atropine or its derivatives, including ipratropium, or to any component of this product.

The most commonly reported adverse drug reaction was dry mouth. Dry mouth was usually mild and often resolved during continued treatment. Other reactions reported in individual patients and consistent with possible anticholinergic effects included constipation, increased heart rate, blurred vision, glaucoma, urinary difficulty, and urinary retention.

Pregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women with Topium 18 mcg. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. The safety and effectiveness of Topium 18 mcg has not been studied during labor and delivery.

As an anticholinergic drug, Topium 18 mcg may potentially worsen symptoms and signs associated with narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia or bladder-neck obstruction and should be used with caution in patients with any of these conditions.

High doses of Topium 18 mcg may lead to anticholinergic signs and symptoms. However, there were no systemic anticholinergic adverse effects following a single inhaled dose of up to 282 mcg Topium 18 mcg in 6 healthy volunteers. In a study of 12 healthy volunteers, bilateral conjunctivitis and dry mouth were seen following repeated once-daily inhalation of 141 mcg of Topium 18 mcg

Topium 18 mcg Dry Powder Inhaler capsules must not be swallowed. Avoid storage in direct sunlight or heat. Store below 30°C. Keep away from children.

Anticholinergic bronchodilators

Topium 18 mcg is a long-acting, antimuscarinic agent, which is often referred to as an anticholinergic. It has similar affinity to the subtypes of muscarinic receptors, M1 to M5. In the airways, it exhibits pharmacological effects through inhibition of M3-receptors at the smooth muscle leading to bronchodilation. The competitive and reversible nature of antagonism was shown with human and animal origin receptors and isolated organ preparations. In preclinical in vitro as well as in vivo studies, prevention of methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction effects was dose-dependent and lasted longer than 24 hours. The bronchodilation following inhalation of Topium 18 mcg is predominantly a site-specific effect.

Pregnancy Category C. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women with Topium 18 mcg. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. The safety and effectiveness of Topium 18 mcg has not been studied during labor and delivery.